Yini okwenza i-Drone Jamming Technology ibe yinkimbinkimbi yokugcina kwezindawo zokugcina?

Izinqakatha Zokuphelela Kwezinkinga Zokusebenza Kwemithombo Yezinkumbulo Zokugcina Amadoda Emkhosi

Ukusebenza kahle kwezinkinga zokusebenza, ukubeka izikhundla zokuvikela ngokuphathelene nokungasebenzi, nokuphatha kwezinhlobo zewesi

Izisikhwama zesikhombisa sezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokuphatha izinkundla zokuphatha kufanele zinikeze ukuthembeka okunzima kakhulu kwezinkundla: ukuthi kubhekwe ngokuphelele kwesikhathi sokusebenza ngokuphelele (99.99%) kusenziwa ngokuphelele kwezinkundla zokuphatha akukho lutho olungakwenzeka. Lokhu kufikwa ngokwenza izindlela zokuvikela—kubantu izikhombisa zezimali ezimbili (ezisebenzisa umkhosi wokusebenza noma izikhombisa zokuvikela eziphathelene nezikhombisa zokugcina okuzokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo) nezikhombisa zokusebenza kwe-RF ezihlukaniswe ngokuzenzakalelayo okuzokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo uma kuhlehlwa izikhombisa zokusebenza kwezinye. Ukuthembeka kwezinhlobo zezinsuku zokuphatha kuchazwa ngokuphelele ngokulinganisa kwe-MIL-STD-810G, kubantu ukuguqula kwesikhathi (−40°C ku +70°C), ukuvikela kwe-humidity nezincili ngokulinganisa kwe-IP67, nokuthembeka kwezinkundla zokushaya/nokuthembeka kwezinkundla zokuhamba. Ukuqondiswa kwe-NATO kwe-2023 kubonisa ukuthi lezi zidingo zokudesigna ziyaphatha ngokuphelele kwezinkundla zokuphatha: izinkundla eziphathelene nezidingo zilungile kubhekwe ngokuphelele ngokuthembeka kwezinkundla zokujamming (98.4%) kusenziwa ngokuphelele kwezinkundla zokuphatha kwezincili—kuyabhekwa ngokuphelele kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokuphatha kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokusebenza kwezinkundla zokuse......

Izidingo zokuhlolwa (MIL-STD-461, STANAG 4774) nezindlela zokuhlola ukusebenza

Ukuzimela kwezindlela zokulawula zokulondoloza ekuqaleni ziyisibopho sokuthemba: i-MIL-STD-461 iyabuyisela imithombo yezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi, ukuze kuvikeleke ukungafani kwezindawo zokubhala kwezizwe zokuhlanganisa, ngakho-ke i-STANAG 4774 iyabuyisela ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe inkimbinkimbi yezinkambo zokulandela ukuthi kungavikelekile ukuthi amadroni ahlale kusihlalo esingasiza kakhulu nokuthi kungavikelekile ukuthi kubhekwe kusihlalo esingasiza kakhulu. Ukuthembiswa kwezinye izindawo kuyasebenza ngendlela ezimbili—ukuthembiswa kwesikole kunye nokuthembiswa kwezindawo zokusebenza—kuyadlala indlela yokuthembisa ukuthi kunezinhloso zokulandela nokuthi kunezinhloso zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza:

Ukuthembiswa kwezindawo zokusebenza kuyatholakala kuphela uma izindawo ziyathola ukuthi kunezinhloso eziningi kune-95% zokugcina izindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi—ngakho-ke kungenza ukuthi kunezinhloso zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina ngokuphathelene nesikhathi.

Izinhloso Zokulandela Zokugcina Izinto Zokugcina Ngokuphathelene Nesisikhathi

Imibono yokugcina kwe-RF: ukugcina kwe-bandi ebubanzi vs. ukugcina kwe-frekhwensi esihlukanisayo

Ukugcina kwe-RF okuhle kubalancesa ukufihla nokuphathelana ngokushesha. Ukugcina kwe-bandi ebubanzi kufaka amasiko abubanzi we-spectrum—njengoko kubonakala kwi-ISM bands ya-2.4–5.8 GHz—ngomkhakha wamandla aphezulu, okunika ukugcina okushesha kwe-drones eziningi, okuyindlela efanele ukuthintela umlando wokungabona kweminye yezinkinga. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukugcina kwe-frekhwensi esihlukanisayo kusetyenzisa ukuchaza kwe-spectrum ngokushesha ukuthi kutholeke nokugcina izindlela zokubeka amazwi—kukhona lezi zindlela zokusebenzisa i-FHSS (Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum) noma i-OFDM modulation—ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komkhakha futhi ukunciphisa isivumelwano sokugcina kwezinye iziqu zesi-spectrum. Le ndlela iyasebenza kahle ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingenakwazi ukuzimela: iziphulo zemithambo yasezindaweni zibonisa ukuthi ukugcina kwenziwa ngokuphelele ngokuphakeme kwe-92% ngaphezu kwe-drones zemvelo emhlabeni kwe-1 km, kuyaphakamisa ukugcina kwe-bandi ebubanzi (78%) ngokusetshenzisa ukuchaza kwe-signal okuqhubekayo nokugcina kwe-bandi encane.

Ukugcina kwe-GNSS nokufaka isifundo—i-BPSK modulation, ukuvikela kwe-NFZ okusheshayo, nokuthintela ukufaka isifundo

Ukungafani kwe-GNSS kusobala kubalulekile ekulungiseni ukuzihamba ngokwesibonelo. Ukujama kusebenzisa izimiso zezinye ezinamandla (BPSK) zokugcina ukuthi izinye ezincane zezinkampani (isibonelo, i-GPS L1 C/A, i-Galileo E1) zizokhupha amadroni ekuthi baze benze izindlela zokulungisa njengekukhupha kwezinye noma ukubuyela emuva kwesikhathi sokuvula. Ukufaka isibonelo—ukuthumela izindaba zokubhalwa ngokwesibonelo esizimele kodwa azikho—kudinga izindlela eziphelele zokulungisa: izinhlelo ezedwa zisebenzisa ukulandela ukuthi umkhakha wokuhamba, ukulandela ukuthi umkhakha wokuhamba ngokwesibonelo, nokulandela ukuthi izinhlelo zokuhamba zibe yisibonelo sokuthi ziyahlukana ngokwesibonelo ukuze zithole nokuthi zilungile. Ukuthinteka kwe-NFZ (No-Fly Zone) ekutheni kusobala kubalulekile ukuthi kubhekwe indawo: iziphakamiso zokujama zihluka ngokushesha ngokwesibonelo sokuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo se-RF, nokuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo sokuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo se-AI. Izinhlelo eziphelele manje zihlanganisa ukuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo—njengezinye ezinamandla zokubhalwa ngokwesibonelo futhi ukuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo sokuthi kubhekwe indawo ngokwesibonelo se-time-of-arrival—ukuze zithole nokuthi zilungile.

Ukusebenza Kwempilo: Teknoloji Yokujama Amadroni Ngaphansi Kwemibono Yezinkinga

Ukuhambisana kwezinhlayiya zokusebenza ngokwemvelo, zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi, nezinhlayiya zokusebenza kwezinkampani zokuphatha ngokulingana nokuphakanyiswa kwezinhlayiya nezinhlayiya zokusebenza

Ukuhambisana kwezinhlayiya kuhambisana ngokuphelele ngezinhlayiya zokusebenza. Izinhlayiya zokusebenza ngokwemvelo (<2 kg), ozokubhekisa kwe-GPS engaqondiwa futhi wi-fi, zihambisana ngokuphelele kwi-failsafe noma zilanda kusukela ku-1.5 km lapho kuzokwenziwa ukujamming kwe-RF+GNSS. Izinhlayiya zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi (izinhlayiya zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokusebenza kwezibhizinisi zokuseben......

Ukuhlanganisa ukuziphatha kubudlelwane bokuphatha kwedrone (ukuguqula ifrekhwensi, ukuphatha ngokwakho, ukusebenzisa umshini wokuxhumana)

Iziqukuthi zokusebenzisa iradiyo yokuzinikela kusiza ukuguqula ngokushesha kwezindlela zokubhekana nezindlela zokuphinda kuzo. Uma izidrano zisetha ukuguqula ifrekhwensi ngemizimili yemilisekondi, izibhalo zespekthremu esinamandla we-AI zibona amafensitri okuthumela okuphuma futhi ziguqula amawave wokujama ngaphakathi kwe-100 ms—futhi zifika emiphakathini yezidrano ezihlukahlukene kungaphezu kwe-95% yokubhala isikhundla sesikhundla. Ukuguqula okwenzeka ngokwesibonelo kusindiswa ngokuhambisana kwesikhundla sokujama kwe-GNSS nokufaka isikhundla sokubhala izikhombiso, okusiza ukuthi kubhekwe ngokuvamile kwezinhloso zokuphepha kabusha ngaphambi kokuthi izindlela ezingaphansi zizofakwa. Izidrano ezihlanganiswe ngokwe-mesh—apho izinqamuzi zithumela amagama futhi zithumela idatha yesenzisi—ziyabulawa ngokusebenzisa amapulsi amahle amaningi amahle angasendleleni, okugcina ukuthi kuzobhekwa ngokushesha kwezinqamuzi ngaphakathi kwe-500 ms. Izimodeli zezobuchwepheshe zokufunda kuziqhathanisa ngokuphathelene nesikhundla sezidrano zokufunda kuzo ziyagcinwa ngokushesha kwezimodeli zokufunda, okusiza ukuthi kubhekwe ngokuphambili kwezinhloso zokujama okuzobhekwa ngokuphambili kwezinhloso zokubhekana ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe ngokuphelele. Iziphakade zezindlu zingaba zingapheli ngokwesibonelo ngokuthi kubhekwa ngokushesha kwezinhloso zokubhekana futhi ngokuthi kubhekwa ngokushesha kwezinhloso zokubhekana—kepha ukuguqula okwenzeka ngokwesibonelo kanye nokubhala isikhundla sokubhala izikhombiso kuyasebenza ngokushesha kwezinhloso zokubhekana.

Ukugxilwa, Ukufakwa, nokubuyisela kwezinto eziyisisekelo zokujabula kwe-drone

Ukufakwa kwezinhlekehleko kusukela kubukhona kwezinhlekehleko ezingaphansi—akukho kuphela ngezinhlekehleko zezibonakaliso nezinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko, kodwa futhi kumaphakathi kwezinhlekehleko ezinkulu zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zemvelo yomoya. Ukufanele kufanele kubhekwe ngokujulile ukuchaza kwesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi sokufakwa kwezinhlekehleko zokuphatha umoya, ikakhulu emaphakathini okukhomba, emaphakathini okuphatha amaphepha, noma emaphakathini okusebenza kwezempilo, ukuze kungavunyelwe ukuthi kuzobhekwa ngokungafanele. Izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zokuphatha izinhlekehleko zok......

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. ukuhlaziywa Yini eyenza ubuchwepheshe bokuphazamisa bezindiza ezingenawo ama-drone obuyisisekelo bezempi buhluke kakhulu kobuchwepheshe bezentengiselwano?

Izinhlelo ezisezingeni lezempi zigxila ekuthembekeni okubucayi, ukuqina kwemvelo, nasekwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinsongo eziphambili. Zihlangabezana namazinga aphakeme njenge-MIL-STD-810G yokuqina kwemvelo ne-MIL-STD-461 yokukhishwa kwe-electromagnetic, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zasensimini yempi.

2. Ukubamba iqhaza Izinhlelo ezisezingeni lezempi ziyifinyelela kanjani inqubo yokusebenza isikhathi eside futhi ezenzakalelayo?

Lezi zinhlelo zifaka amandla amabili (ama-generator amakhulu nawesipele) ane-Automatic Transfer Switches kanye namamojula we-RF afanayo azisebenza ngokuzenzakalela lapho kunokuhluleka, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo.

3. Ukuphila okujabulisayo Iziphi izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe bokuphazamisa obuphumelelayo be-drone?

Izici ezibalulekile zihlanganisa i-broadband kanye nokuqondiswa kwemvamisa eqondile yokuphazamiseka kwe-RF, ukuphazamiseka kwe-GNSS nokukhohlisa ukubhekana nokuzulazula okuzimele, nezindlela zokulwa zanamuhla ezifana nezakhiwo zomsakazo zokuqonda zokuphendula okuzivumelanisa nezimo.

4. Iziphakamiso zokubulawula izibhambo zizihlelwe njani kusasa?

Ukuchaphazela kusasa kufaka isikhundla sesithuthi (isibonelo, iziqephu zesithuthi sezindiza ngokushesha) nezindlela zokusebenza kwe-Radio Eshintsha Ngokuphatha (SDR), okunikeza ukuthinteka kwe-OTA ukuze kuzimele kumathreats emvelayo nokuthuthukiswa kwe-firmware.

5. Umgomo wokugcina kwe-GNSS yini, futhi kuzimeleka njani?

Umgomo wokugcina kwe-GNSS uyathumela imininingwane engafanele kodwa iyasemthethweni yezikhathi/izindawo. Izindlela zokuzimelela kufaka ukujabulisa kwe-carrier-phase, ukuchekwa kwesifunda sokuhambisa ngokwesibhakabhaka, nokuvavanya kwezinkampani eziningi ukuze kubonwe nokuzimelwa kwezimali zokugcina.