Ukukhetha imoduli engempela yejammer imodi yokwenza ukungaqondani kumagalizo amaningi kudinga ukuqaphela okumele kube khona izibonakaliso zezinhlelo, izidingo zokusebenza, nokwamukelwa kwezimali. Izimo zamanje eMagalini e-Electronic zidinga izinkundla zokujammer ezinezindlela eziphilosiphikayo ezingasetshenziselwa ukulahlela izikhathi ngamagalizo amaningi ngokufanayo. Ukuziqonda izinhlelo ezimangalisayo ngojammer module design nokusebenzisa kuncike abasebenzisi base-engineering nabaprofesi bhomu ukwenza izinqumo ezilungile xa kusebenziswa izinhlelo zokuphatha izinkinga.
Imodiulu yokunqamula ephathelene kumele iphinde ibuyeke inqanaba elijwayelekile yezinhla ngokuphathelene nokuthintela izinkundla zomlando. Imodiulu yabanga ayisemukelwa njengoba iyasebenza kunezinhla eziningi kubantu, izinhla zomlando, izinhla ze-GPS, namaphoyinti wamasimi. Inqanaba lobude lwezinhla libuyela kusuka ku-20 MHz usuku ku-6 GHz, livikela wonke amaphrothokholi abade bezenzakalo nezempilo. Izinhlelo zomkhuba wokunqamula zihlanganisa intonga yokusebenzisa irediyo enodonga okwesothando engenako ukuguquguquka kanye nokuthinta izinhla ngokudonsayo.
Inketho iphinde iphinde ngokubala izinhlelo zokuxhumana eziyilandelwe kanye nezikhathi zokusebenza. Amathalandwe amahlukene ayisebenzisa i-band zeselulari, ekudinga ukulungiswa kwezinhlelo zomoduli we-jammer efanayo nezilinganiso zezikhathi. Izinhlelo zaseYurophi kungadinga ukufakwa kwesikhathi okuhlukene kungeza kweNorth American noma weAsian. Ukuziqonda lelihluka litholakala kusinikeza inkinobho yokujama kakhulu kuwo wonke amandla okusebenza.
Izinhlelo zomoduli we-jammer zamanje zifaka izimiso ezide emsebenzini ephambene ngenhla yokuqhamuka kwayo kodwa engaqhamuki phansi inkimbinkimbi. Iziphawu zamathuba wokuprosesa kwenhlayiya kungenza kube lula ukubophezela, ukubona izigaba zokuthwaleka, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokujama ezivuselela. Lezi zici zinika abasebenzisi amandla okubhekisela ezinhleleni eziyilandelwe ngokuthile ngaphandle kokugcina izinsizakalo eziphathelene nezikhathi.
Imithombo yemodiwuli yokugayaza iyisebenzisa imithetho yokufunda kwamathini ukuze ibalule umlando nokuhumusha kwezinhlayiya ezingena ngokuzenzakalela. Le ndlela ehlangabezana ngenhloso ihlanza izinkokhelo zokugayaza ngemizuzwana, ihoxisa amanzi akhiwa, izinhlelo zokuthinta kanye nezinsuku zokusebenza ukuze kuguquke kakhudlwana ukungahambi kwesimo. Lezi zindlela zibonakala kakhulu njengomthelela emasimweni okusebenza apho izinhlelo zokuxhumana ziguqukile kakhulu.
Ukuchazwa kwezimali ezifanele zokuphuma kuyisahluko esibalulekile sekukhethwa kwemodiwuli yokugayaza. Izidingo zamandla ziguquguquka kakhulu ngokwesilinganiso, ubukhuni bezinhlayiya zenziwa, kanye nezimo zezinsimbi. Iziphazamo ezihlukene zihlala kusuka kumadoda amancane angcono kumasebenzi olunye indawo kuya kumadoda amakhulu angcono ekungagayazeni kude. Umbono phakathi kwamandla okuphuma kanye nesilinganiso sokugayaza kususa umbhalo wesikhephe somkhondo, okudinga ukubala okucophelelayo kumazwi avumelekile.
Ukusebenzisa kahle kwamoduli okugaya kudinga ukulungana kwezenzo ngezidingo zokusebenza nokungcinwa kwegunya. Izindleko ezide eziphakeme zikhipha isilinganiso sangaphandle kodwa zayikhuphuka izinto zonke futhi zavela ingqondo eyinzulu. Ukuphatha iqondo kuyizidingo ebalulekile kakhulu ngemoduli enezindleko eziphefumula, ikudinga izinqumo ezifanelekileyo zokuhlanya nokususa iqondo. Izinselelo zokusebenza kanye nebatteri kuzindlela ephathekayo zokubamba izinselelo.
Izinhlelo eziphucake zamoduli okugaya azivikela izindlela ezahlukene zokuguquguquka kanye nezinsizo zokwakhiwa kwegrama. Izindlela ezibalulekileyo zokugaya zihlanganisa ukugaya kwezinyawo, ukugaya okuhlolwayo, nokugaya okufanamathanga ngokomthetho. Inkinga yokwakha amagarama ahlanganisiwe ayenzela ukuthintana okuphathelene nokuthintana kwesimo sekhominikekshini ekunikelwa ngaphandle kokungangeki kube khona ukungcono kwezigaba esingazidinga. Amaduli akamuva avikela i-analog kanye ne-digital modulation schemes kuwo wonke amabandla abasebenzayo.
Ukuthatha isimo sokumeka kuyisici esibalulekile futhi kuqoqo lokujika izinhlelo zomugqa wasekhaya. Izinxobo ezikwazi ukushintsha ngokushesha phakathi kwezinhlelo ezahlukeneyo zokujika kumele kube yisilinganiso esihle kakhulu kumathuba wokuthi amandla okhethwa ayithathele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi inkxenye yokuxhasa izimilo zokuthembeka kumafreqensi, izigaba zokujika eziyekelisa, nezinhlelo zokukhumbula iphrothokholo ezingcinezela okungakho kuphela ukubamba izimali ezivuselelwa.
Kumele ukukhetha iqoqo lejika libe nobuchwepheshe bezindawo eziphilweni kanye nezinkinga eziphathelene nazo. Iziseko nemfoko yesimanje zilondoloza izixhobo ezinamandla afanelekileyo ezenzekelayo kumatheba amaningi, ubuhlungu, ukudonsa, nokulungelelwa kwesishimini. Izinhlelo zezinhlelo zemfundo zilandela inkinobho enhle kangangokuphelelwa kumatheba amaningi nezinkinga eziphilweni.
Izinkinga zedalwini zihlukene kakhulu kusebenzi nokqinisekiso kwe-moduli ye-jammer. Uguquko kwesithakazelo kuthinta ubunzima bokuchazwa nokwabi komkhawulo, ngelika hunyaniso kungathinta ukulahlekwa nokwebaka kwemithwalana yamandla. Inkanyo ephathiwe, izimboni ezivumelana, nezinto ezingavumele isithakazelo zenhanceka ukuze kube nenhloso ekugcineni isebenze ngendlela ethile emaphakashini amaningi.
Imithombo yesimo sejammer kufanele ibutshane ngokuphelele nge-inthansefeyithi yesimo sezobuchwepheshe njengezinqumo zamandla. Izibongo ezilandelayo zenza ukuthunywa phakade kwi-intanethi yokubukeka, izinqumo lokungena, nezinye izimo zokuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuxhumana kwe-Ethernet, ukuxhumana ngokulandelayo, nakuko kwe-API kunciphisa ukubuka nokuphatha okudingekayo ekugcineni isimo sezobuchwepheshe.
U imoduli yekhajameri ukulungiselela kohlelo lokusebenza kufanele kube neminikelo yokuqhubeka ngokuxhakaxhaka kanye nokusetyenziswa kwi-intanethi. Imidwebo yokuphatha ngaphandle iyamnaka abasebenzisi ukubeka inxalenye eyinhloko emathuba ayihlanu ephakathi kweminyaka engaphezulu ngelishwa nokugcina ubumangaliso bezilingo zokunjwa. Ukubuka isimo ngexesha elifanayo kunye nezakhono zokuhlola zisiza ekunikelani iqondo lokusebenza kweendawo zonke kwaye zibone iingcinga ezinokuthi zizama ukuzama ukusebenza.
Ukucwangciswa kwekhodi yesixhobo sokunjwa kudinga ukuziqhelanisa ngokucophelela kwiimfuno zolawulo kunye nokwenziwa kwezivumelwano. Amathuba aphantsi kwindawo ayigcine izixhobo zokunjwa, zibekisa umsebenzi wazo kumathuba aphathekayo okanye kumsebenzi othile ovunyelwe kuphela. Ukuqonda kwezilawuli ezifana nokuba kukho ingcinga yokudlala kumthetho kwaye kunceda ukuvuselela ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kumzabalazo ovunyelwe.
Amathuba okulawula kahle akhubazekile kakhulu phakathi kwezizwe nezifundazwe, ekuthintela izinkcazelo zezixhobo nezindlela zokusebenza. Kusome izifundazwe zivumela ukugayaza okuncane ngeziganeko ezithile zokuphepha, ngelika yazo ezenza ukukhokha okuphelele kumadivayisi okugaya. Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhishini okugaya kofuneka kuqukumezeke kuhlola ububi bokomlando nokuvunyelwa okufanele ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.
Ukubuyiselwa okuhloniphekile kwamakhishini okugaya kufaka izinqumo zokwenzela ukuphazanyiswa okungavunyelwa kumasevisi amabhengezane ahlukeneyo. Izindlela zokugaya okudondoshwayo zihla izikhuthazo ezithile ngelikho zibuyisela izinsizakalo zamathuba nezinkcubeko eziphilayo. Izindlela zokumelana ngendawo ziyekela imiphumela yokuphazanyiswa kuzindawo ezimiselwe, zikhubaza ukuthintana kweziseko elidingekayo noma izinsizakalo zomphakathi.
Ukubambisana nokuzimisa kwezempilo kunciphisa izinsizakalo eziphatha ukulungiswa ngemvume yezivumelwano zokuthintana. Izinhlelo zokuthintana ngezikhathi eziningi, imithombo yesono, nezinhlelo zokuphepha kwezehlaziyana zihlala zidinga ukucopheleka ngokuthile. Izingxenye ezibonakalayo zezivumelwano zifaka izimo ezivamile ezenza ngaphandle kokuthintana nezindawo eziphathelwe.
Izindleko zokuthola izixhenye zesivumelwano ziy differing kakhulu ngokulinganiselwe kwiinkcukacha zezobuchwepheshe, iinkomo zokusebenza, kunye nodolophu olukhethiwe. Iingxenye ezilaya okufuneka zenzeke kwiindleko eziphantsi, ngelixa kwezinye izixhenye ezininzi eziphezulu neengcamango ezibalulekileyo zibandakanya iindleko eziphakeme. Ukubala kwizindleko ngokuphelele kufuneka kufake amathuluzi, izidingo zokufaka, nezindleko zokufundisa ngaphandle kwezigaba esekeli.
Kufanele ukukhokhela kwe-bhajithi kube ngcono ngezidingo zokuthuthuka kanye nezidingo zokwanda kwamava. Umcubhekazi wamoduli wojama ongenako umdla wokwandisa inkolo njengoko izidingo ihluka noma imali ivumelekile. Ukusabalalisa kokuqala kungase kuthintele inkolo eyisiseko nangokuvumela ukwanda kwezici ezinezimo noma ukwanda kwezindawo zokugcina ngemoduli eyengeziwe.
Izimali ezide zokusebenza kuzofakwa ukusetshenziswa kwegesi, izidingo zokuhlela, kanye nezimali ezinconywayo zokuthuthukisa. Izimodeli ezinezimo zomthwalo wejama ezenziwa ngokuthuthukisa igesi zolahlaza izimali zokusebenza futhi zongeza ubude bokusebenza kwemodi yesixeko. Ize misholo yokuhlola kanye nezimali zokushintsha kwezinto kuchaza izindleko ezifakwa khona ngokuphelele ngemuva kwesikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu.
Umvumelelo wokufundisa kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuthinta izindleko ekulayishweni kwamodiwuli we-jammer. Uvumelelo lwesekela, ukufundisa okujulile, nokufunda ngokuphelele kusivumela ukusebenzisa kahle inqubomgomo futhi kuxhaswe imithetho. Izinkolo zisiza ekuphatheleni izindleko zokuhlela futhi zihlanze isebenza esizenzakalelayo kuwo wonke umkhathi wophando lwesimo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamodiwuli we-jammer kudinga imigomo yokulungisa eyangalanga eyaziqinisekisa izenzo kanye ngezidingo ezithi. Imigomo yokuqhubeka yokulungisa iyalinganisa ubude bomlando, ukufakazwa kwezikhathi, uqiniso lwezinselelo zezindleko, kanye nezinselelo zokungena kwiintsonga ezilolungele. Iziphumo zokulinganisa ziphila ngokulondoloza ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokulungisa ezilandelayo kanye nezilinganiso ezilungile.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi kususemthethweni kuthembisa imfundo yokusebenza kwemoduli yojammer ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlelekile zokusebenza. Izindlela zezimali, izinto zezintsho, ne-interference ze-electromagnetic zingakhiqizeli kakhulu isiphumo semfundo esihlelekile kunamandla wokuhlaziywa. Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kwesikhathi kukhombisa izinkinga ezingaba khona nokuthembisa ubunzima bokusebenza ngaphambi kokunyusa kabonke.
Imithetho yokugcina ubunzima iyathembisa ukusebenza okubalulekile kanye nokuzinikela kwemoduli yojammer ngempindeni. Imithetho yokucala ngemvula iyagcina ubukhona be-frequency kanye nempahla ye-power output. Ukuchekwa kwezikhathi eziphethe kuyathembisa ukuba kusebenza futhi kuchithe isiphazamo esingaba singadinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintsha kwesiqondiso.
Izidingo zemibhalo zisekela imizamo yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho. Ama-logs okusebenza, amarekhodi okugcinwa, nemibhalo yokumiswa inikeza izindlela zokuhlola futhi isekele imizamo yokuxazulula izinkinga. Imibhalo ebanzi futhi yenza kube lula ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi abasha.
I-module ye-jammer ebanzi yama-band amaningi kufanele ihlanganise amaza eselula afaka ama-band we-GSM, 3G, 4G, ne-5G, amaza e-Wi-Fi kuma-GHz angu-2,4 no-5 GHz, ama-band we-GPS L1 no-L2, namaza ajwayelekile wezoku Amabhande athile ancike ekunikezelweni komkhakha wendawo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlosiwe, kodwa ukumbozwa kusuka ku-20 MHz kuya ku-6 GHz kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinhlelo eziningi zokuxhumana zesimanje.
Izidingo zokuphuma kwezindleko kuyadependa kumeko ethunzelayo yojikeleza, ubuchwepheshe bwegisheli elithintekayo, nezimo zomphakathi. Ukuhlaziywa okulula kusebenzisa umthetho ophindaphindwe kabili lapho ukuphindaphinda kwemini kudinga amathuba angama-4. Cabanga ngamanje akhona njengekufinyelela emakhaya, imiphakathi, nokuzimiseleka kwegisheli elithintekayo. Izigaba ezihlukene ziya kusuka ku-1-5 watts ekusebenzisweni phezu kwezindlu zedwala kuya ku-50-100 watts ekujikeleni indawo yangaphandle.
Yebo, isebenza segisheli sikhokelelwa kakhulu emacaleni aphelele. Kuhlaba olungu United States, i-FCC iyavikela ukusebenzisa izixhumanisi zegisheli ngaphandle kokuvunyelwa kwebuso. Emacaleni aphelele, kukhona izimfuno efanayo noma kunye namanye amakhono avumela ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele abasebenzi bezobuhlebhele. Sicela uvumele izimfuno zasendlelini futhi uvunyele izivumelwano eziphathelene ngaphambi kokususa izixhumanisi zegisheli ukuze ugule izilingo ezinkulu zezenzo.
Ukuphatha kahle kufundiswa ukukalibreta okuphakathi kwezilinganiso zenkazimulo nokuphuma kwamandla, ukucula kwezinhlelo zokulahlaza nokucula kwezimpumapuma, ukubheka kwezixhobo nezihlomile, nokuvuselela kwebhokisi. Sizinhlelo zonke kudinga ukukalibreta ngonyaka yomprofesi wenza kwalokho futhi ukubonga kwezimali ngaphansi kwesikhathi. Izinketho zokushintsha kwezinqubo zihlala ziyahlukana kodwa ngokuvamile kufaka izilonda zokulahlaza, amakhambi womthelela wamandla, nezinhlelo zokwakha RF ngaphakathi kweguquli-3-5 ngokulinganiselwa kusetshenziswa.
Izindaba Ezishisayo
Shenzhen Longyuan Technology inikeza izinhlelo zokuxhuma i-drone ezinhle kwezimithambo, izithadlana nezinfrastrakti eziphambene. Ukuqonda kwe-RF ngokushesha, ukulandelela nokukhawula nendawo enkulu yokukhathala nezinhlelo ezifakwe ngokwezifiso. Kuthandwa kumathibele wasekhaya nezwe ngokubangelwa.
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