Ukunikezela Kwe-Antenna Ethe Njengoba Kuhlela Ukucindezela Kwesilinganiso Sika-Drone?

Ukukhathazeka kwezimali kususelwa kumathuba apho awunayo umphathi akhethile kushintsha indlela abasebenzisana ngayo iziko ngokulungiselela amandla awo nokulungiselela iziko ezinezimo eziphathelene nempilo. Ukuhlanjuluka kwezinhlelo zokukhupha i-drone kubangelwa ngendlela bakhetha ngayo ukucophelela okuphelele nokucophelela imithambo engavunyelwe yedrone engavunyelwe ngaphandle kokuthinta izixhumanisi ze-electronic noma izinkundla zokuxhumana. Isango isiqhameko sibekezela teknoloji eyenzela izinhlelo zokukhupha i-drone ukufinyelela ekucophelekeni okuphelele ngemuva kokugcina ubuchwepheshe bomsebenzi emibhalobhalweni yonke.

Abasebelezeli basecurity kanye nabaphathi bezifundo bahlaza ngokuthi izindlela zokujama eziphathelene zonke zibangela imiba engaphezu kokulungisa. Ukuphazanyiswa okubambene kwezinhloso kugcina amakholo etholeni, kubangela imiba yokukhethwa kwezimfuno, kanye nokushisa kwamandla akhethekileyo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezobuchwepheshe antena esebenza ngendlela ethile kule teknoloji kusolva le minyaka ngokumthelela umlando wemvula lapho kumele kuthintele, ukunikeza iqembu elihle ngaphandle kokwenza ukuthintana okungahle.

Ukuziqonda izinhlelo zezobuchwepheshe ezindimbeni yesimo sezinhlelo zezinhlelo zokuhlola kubonakala yini lokho kusemthethweni kakhulu emisebenzini yamanje ekuphazanyiseni izindiza. Umphikiswano wezinhlelo zomlando wemvula, njengekuthi kuthunyelwe ngendlela ethembekile, kumenza le zinhlelo zithumele amashelu okujama ayedwa eyodwa athintele izindiza ngokuthi aqede amakholo etholeni awo ngaphandle kokulahleka kwenetworks yezinhlelo zetholeni noma izindlela zokuxhumana ezivunyelwe.

Ukusekelo Teknologhika Wokudala Kwesilinganiso Silinganiswe

Izinhlelo Zokulayisha Kwe-Galvani Yokulayisha

Isibonakaliso esikhethekile sakho kwezilinganiso ezingenaphezu kusukela kuzindlela zabo zokuphatha izigaba zokulayisha kwamagalu elektromagnetik ngokushintshayo kwezakhiwo nezinyathelo. Ngaphandle kwezilinganiso ezingenaphezu ezenza amandla ngokulingana kuwo wonke amazwi, izimo ezilinganiswe zenza amandla we-elektromagnetik kumazingu ezithile, ethula izigaba eziphethwe ngamandla aphezulu kumadoda athile.

Izidingo ezide eziyisilinganiso ezilinganiswe zisebenzisa izinzulu ezimbili ezigcinwe ngokucacile ekugcineni ukuthola izici ezihle kwezigaba. Ukudluliswa, ukungena, nokudala kwezinhla lakho kuyadinga izigaba ezifakiweyo, kanti kube khona abasebenzisi bakwazi ukudala izigaba eziningi nge-gain enkulu futhi bahlule amasuntswana ayengekho akwenzekala.

Izinhlelo zokuxhasa izindiza ezimodeni zisebenzisa amalayizi weziphazamiso ze-signal edijithali ukuze kuhlengulwe ngokushintsha izimo zomlando kanye nezimo zezinkangala. Lokhu kusungula ukusebenza kahle emva kwezinkinga ehlukene ngenkathi kugcinwa ubunikazi bokuhlawula imithwalo yemithwalo ye-electromagnetic.

Ukulungiswa Kwesiphiwo Neziningi Zomda

Okuhlangana phakathi kwegain yesingalo kanye neziningi zomda kuyindlela eyisisekelo ekufakelweni kwizinhlelo zokuxhasa izindiza. Izingalo ezinogain ophezulu zikha amada angamandla angenayo, okwenzela ukuthi kube yimali njengoba kudala umdumo kumathuba amaningi, kanti kanciphisa isimo sokuthatha iqembu elingalindelekile lapha kungaphandle kwesikhathi somda.

Ukusebenzisa kusetshenziselwa kufanele kube khona ukulungiselela okucophele kakhulu phakathi kwezinzo nezidingo zokuhlanjiswa ngokwesimo esithile sezimali. Iziswebuka zokuphepha ezenziwe ngokucacile kuzindlebe zezinyawo ezifana nezinzo eziphakeme, izihlangu ezaneleyo ezingcono ukuthutha kwemfazwe ngelishwa kakhulu isivumelwano sangaphandle. Ngokushesha, izigaba ezidinga uhlelo olubanzi lwezilingo kungasebenzisa izinhlelo ezinezinzo eziphethwe ngezilingo eziphakeme ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphelele.

Izindlela ezide emnyamazini zeqiniso le-beamforming zikwenza ukuthi izinzo nezilingo zezihlangu zilungiswe ngokushintsha ngokulandela izinyawo ezitholakele. Lokhu kuvumela izinkampani ezithile zezihlangu ukuthi zilungise izinto zazo ngokwezimo ezahlukene, ukushintshe phakathi kwezilingo eziphakeme nezihlangu eziphethwe ngokucophele njengoko izimo zezimali zishintsha.

Izindlela Zokuhlola Ngokucophele

Ukuthutha Kwesivumelwano Sangaphandle

Ukukhetha kwezindawo okunikezwa ngumqondo wenantena elalayezindlela kuyisiphikhu esikhulu kumfanekiso wokulungisa kwezinhlelo zokuphepha izindlovu. Ukujama okunjalo kwezomnyilo kwenza ukuthi kwenze amathuba ethulwane aphinde phezu kwemithombo ethintekayo, akhokele ukuthintana nokuxhumana okuvamile futhi kube yinkinga ekuphuleni imigomo yokuthwalwa kwezimali ezitholakala.

Izinhlelo ezingenhlangothi zifinyelela ubuncane obukhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwesimo sezibuko esingcono esinokulandela nokuthinta indlovu iphawula ngaphandle kokuthintana ngendlela enzima kumazinga ethulwane. Lokhu kunciphisa kuvumela ukususa kuzindawo eziningi njengezindlu zokusheshwa, izigaba zezendawo, nezindawo zenguni lapho kufanele kugcinwe ububi bokuthintana.

Ukuthunyelwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvumela antena esebenza ngendlela ethile izinqumo zokulungisa indlela eqondene ngokuvamile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindlela zokunqoba ziqhakazwe kahle njengoba izihlalo zihamba ngaphandle kwesifundalwana esimphathiwe. Lokhu kumele kugcinwa ubunzima bekujama ngenkathi kuvikela ukuthi isiyinali sibe ngaphandle kwezindawo ezingenayo.

Istrathaji Yokuqeda Amasihlalo Ananini

Izikhuthazo ezintsha zandaba zihlanganisa izindlovu zedroneyi ezidinga ukuba ziqedwe ngokuvamile amasihlalo ananini avela emaphandleni aphelele. Izinketho ezininzi zezinhloso eziphucansi zixhomekeka kuzo ukuxhumana nokujama izindlovu ezahlukene ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuchitha ubunzima bokwenza ngelinye.

Izinkulungwane zokugcwalisa izixhumanisi zinikeza ukuguqulwa kwezixhumanisi phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili, kuvela indima yokuthi kusebenziswa ngokomlando kodwa kususelwa kuzinye i-nyangwane. Lokhu kubheka ixesha elide kakhulu ekunikezeni ubunzima bokusebenza kwaye kumenza isiqalekiso samandla okuphelisa ngalinye ilungu elitholakeleyo.

Izixhumanisi eziphathelene ezilayishwa emaphakade amakhaya angenzela ukuthi kwenzeke ukufinyelela okuphambene okunika ukuphelelwa kwamandla wokuphepha, nangona kunezinqumo ezibhekene nokuzimisela. Le mithombo ethile ihlanganisa ulwazi olukhethiweyo kwaye ihlanganisa izenzo zokuphatha ukuze akuvikeli umsebenzi futhi aqonde amandla aphezulu.

Ukulungiselela Kwemfihlo Nokuphatha Isiqalekiso

Ukukhinchela Kwezinto Ezivamele Ukuchithwa

Ukucopheleka kusenziwa ngemithombo yenantena ethembekile iyahlukisa kakhulu umlando wokungena kumxholo wemfubamnyango yedijithali futhi nezinhlelo zemfubamnyango. Ukudala kwe-beam nokulawula kwamandla kusidla ukuthi izimfomolo zokunjama zilale kizindaweni ezinezindleko ezitholakeleyo, ekulungiseleni izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezigunyazelayo ukuthi zihlakulwe.

Izindlela ezide eziphulwa futhi ziqondiswa izimfomolo zenzeke kube lula ukwahlukanisa phakathi komxholo wodroneyi nomxholo wemfubamnyango othembekile, okwenzela ukunjima okukhethiwe okumelene nje nabathengeli abangavumelekile. Lokhu ukwahlukanisa kumele kuhlakaniphele kakhulu emazingeni aphucawayo asemfubamnyangweni apho izinhlelo eziningi ze-wireless zisebenza ngokujikeleza.

Izidingo zokulandela izinhukumayo ziyilungiselela ukulawula ngempumezelo yezimali ezihlaziyiwe, ikakhulu emhlabeni wabantu. Isayensi yesangoqala sengcinga isilinganiso esingcono sokuthola lezi zidingo ngemuva kwenhloso yokusebenza kakhulu kudróni, kuvikela ukuthi kutholakale emakhaya apho izinhlangano ezingaphandle kuzo zizenzakalwa.

Ukulungiswa Kwe-Efficiency Yezinzo

Ukugcina izinzo ze-elektromagnetic ngokusebenzisa indlela ephathelene ngokwesiqondisana kuhluke kakhulu kwe-efficiency yezinzo kunemithetho engaphandle kukaqondisana. Lokhu kubuyisela izinhlangano ezinamandla angaphansi kwe-battery ukusebenza ngeminyaka engaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kwenhloso yokusebenza kakhulu kudróni ezindaweni ezide.

Amathithimba ezigcwele yokuphatha amandla aphindaphinda ukulungisa izilinganiso zokuthumela amandla ngokwesilinganiso esifanelekile, izidingo zokukhazimula kweyisayithi, nezimo zendawo. Lezi ndima zihlala ziyishintsha amandla okuthumela ukuze iphinde iphinde ikhaze isayithi ngendlela efanele, ihlinze indlela yemisebenzi futhi ihlanze isayithi se-eletromagnetic.

Ukunciphisa izidingo zomandla kuvumela ukuthuthwa kwezinhlelo zokulahla i-drone emakhaya apho umthombo womandla ungase kube mncane. Ukuchalisa nge-solar kunye nezinye izindlela zokuthutha zomandla kuzama izinketho ezinconyiwe uma kusekelwe ukuthuthwa komthombo womandla ngendlela efanele ngenhlekelele engcono yenanteni ephindaphindayo.

Izikhathi Eziphumelelayo Nezibonakaliso Zemisebenzi

Izimali Zokunwezisa Umbango

Ukulethwa kwe-enerji okuthintekileyo okunikezwa yi-antennas ephindwe ebeka izinhlelo zokukhulula i-drone ukufinyelela imithombo engeziwe kunazo ezifanayo ezingaphindwanga. Ukuphindeka okuphezulu kwe-antenna kuguquka ngqo ekunikezeni amandla aphezulu endaweni eyayelwa, kuvumela ukugaya kwemibhalo yedrone emathilweni apho izinhlelo ezingaphindwanga zizofa.

Imithombo ye-range engaphezulu ihlaza kakhulu ekuphileni kwezihlalo ezikhulu njengezihlalo zezondlo, izigaba zomlando, nezindawo eziphatha umsebenzi omuhle lapho kumele kususwa izimfuno ngaphambi kokufika ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka. Ukubamba kuqala kususa izidingo zokuphendula futhi kunciphisa amandla okuphendula nokubona izindlela zokuphendula ngokuthatha iqiniso.

Isimo sangaphakathi singathatha iqiniso ngokwehlukahlukene kusakhono lokukhethwa, imiyalo yesifazane, namathuba okuqhubeka. Izixhobo zomgubho wodidi olulodwa zingafaka izimpawu zabo ukuze zibuyise indlela efanelekileyo ngokulinganiselana, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenzisa.

Ukwenza okufihlakeleyo nokwenza okungcolileyo

Ubume bokuthunyelwa kwemigubho yodidi olulodwa kubeka isigameko esincane semithombo ye-electromagnetic yezixhobo zokukhupha i-drone, ekwenzela ukuthola kudingeka kakhulu abasemgangaleni abasebenzisa amandla okuthola nokuthintela izinyathelo zokuphepha. Izinga elincane lezindlebe zocingo oluphambili nemithombo enqamlezile yokuthunyelwa kumenza usayizi olukhangelwa kwayo kube luncane ngelikhathi likhuphela indlela yokusebenza.

Kukhona amandla okufaka ngaphakade uma izinhlelo zemviki ziyasebenza ngemvume yamandla e-electromagnetic engaphansi kwezindawo ezithile. Lokhu kumelana nokufakwa okufihlile okunikeza ukuphepha kodwa akulungise abathintana ngokuthi kukhona izinhlelo zokukhulula i-drone.

Izigaba ezibalulekile zokuguquguquka kumshini wamandla nezindlela zokuhamba kumshini kumelana nazo ukuthi izinhlelo zisebenze njengemodi yokuthola engaguquguquka ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungakhathalwa nguzebengu ze-electronic warfare yosetyenziso. Lokhu kuguquka kumelana nokusebenza okuphila nokuphila futhi ngisho na kube ngezimo eziphambene ezinamandla angcono.

Ukuxhumana Nezinhlelo Zokuphepha Ezintsasha

Ukuxhumana Kwesithuthi Nokulandela Ukuxhumana

Izixhobo zokuxhenyezela i-drone zihlanganisa izixhobo ze-antenna ephathelene nesiseko esigcweleyo senkqubo yezixhobo ezifana ne-radar, iikhampha ze-electro-optical, kunye neziganeko ze-radio frequency. Lo ndlela eyahlukileyo yokunika inkcazo enempilo kwaye ibeke inkcazo engcono engaphambili ekugcineni i-beam kwaye kube lula ukujama ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Izibonelo ze-data fusion ze-real-time zisebenzisa ulwazi olutholakeleyo kwiintsango ezahlukeneyo ukuze zenze iindlela ezintathu zokulandela inyaniso ezigcine iindlela zokuphatha kwesixhobo se-antenna. Oluhlangothi luzamele ukuba iinjongo zokujama zilindele ngokuchanekileyo nezixhobo ezihamba, zingabeki ingqalelo imiphosisi yokuqikelela kunye nokuchaseneyo kweenkqubo.

Iinkqubo ezineminyaka yokulinganisa imfazwe zilandele ubume bezityhilelo kunye neengxaki zokuhamba ukuze zilingane indlela efanelekileyo yokuphendula. Iinkqubo zesixhobo se-antenna zinokusebenza iiprothokholo zokuphendula echanekayo ezingakhokelela ukuphakama kwesivuno sokujama ngokwahlukana kwindima yesivuno kunye nomda wokufika ematholeni amathandabuzo.

Ukuchaza nokuphatha Isimo

Izinhlelo zezinhlelo zokondla ezenzakalelayo zinezinhlelo ezihle zokuchaza nokuphatha ezivumela abasebenzi besikhungo ukubheka isimo sezinhlelo, ukuhlela izimo zokusebenza, nokuthuthukisa izimpendulo eziphathelene nezindawo ezahlukene. Lezi zinhlelo zabelana ngebhobhayi ngokushesha kwezindawo ezifakwa, izindlela zemigqa, nezibalo zobuqhakile bezinhlelo.

Amathuba okusebenzisa kude kuvumela ukubheka nokuphatha kwezinhlelo eziphazinywayo kusuka kuzindawo ezisafekile zokuphatha. Lokhu kukhuni kuholela ekuthuthukiseni izimpendulo, kube yinkinga yokugcina abantu, kanye nokuvikela ukuthi izimo zokusebenza zibe yidinga kuwo wonke amakhanda.

Ukudibanisa nezinhlelo zokuphatha kusikhungo ezigcinwe kungavikela ukufakwa kwemithombo yokulahla i-drone ngokuphathelene nezibongo zokuphatha indawo ngokuphelele. Izinhlelo zokumema ngokuzenzakalela zimema abasebenzi besikhungo mayelana nemithombo etholakeleyo njengoko ziqala izimpendulo ezifanelekile ngokwizindlela ezithiweyo yokuphatha.

Ukuph development kanye nokuthuthukiswa kweteknoloji

Ukuthunyelwa Kwesilinganiso Esingenzi

Ukuzalwa kwezinhlelo zokujula kwakha kusibonisa ukuthuthuka okukhulu kumsebenzi wamathuba we-antenna ngokuthuthuka kokubona izimtarget, amathuliko wokubala, nokwaziwa komlando. Izinhlelo ze-machine learning zingahlola izimfuneko eziphathelene nokudla ukuze kutholakale indlela yokosha i-beam nesimo sokunika amandla ngendlela efanelekile.

Amathuliko we-tracing asebenzisa okujulile ukuchaza izinyathelo zesilinganiso futhi aqagqise i-beams yenantenna ngendlela efanele ekuxhaseni. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukuphazanyiswa kwezikhathi futhi kuhlinza ukugaya kakhulu kwezinkinga ezivamile.

Izinhlelo zokuhlola izinkinga ngokuzenzakalelayo zingahlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamadrona futhi zilungiselele izinqumo zokuxhaseka ngendlela efanele. Amadrona akhiyamiyo angadinga izindlela ezahlukene zokuxhaseka kunazo amadrona amaningi okuqonda noma abathakatha, okujulile kungayikwe indlela efanele yokuxhumana nalolu daba.

Izimodi Zokwakha Nezembizo

Ukuthuthuka kwezimodi ezihlelekileyo nokuthuthuka kwezindlela zokudala okungeziwe kuvikela ukudala kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana eziphethwe ngendlela efanele ngezimodi ezilungileyo futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokudala. Izinhlalo ze-metamaterial zingakula izimodi ezihlukahlukene zezinhloso ezingenhla ukumaka umfanekiso wengxenye futhi kunciphise ubude obudingayo.

Izitebhilisi ezithathu-yingxenye zivikela ukugcina isikhathi esifushane nokulungiswa kwamathuba okuxhumana ngokuphethwe kwezimo nezinga lefrekhenji. Lokhu kunciphisa ukudala kuvikela ukulungiswa kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana eziphethwe ngendlela efanele kulawo maxephe aphethwe kanye nezimo zomphiko.

Ukukhula kwezinhlelo zokwandisa icandelo kuyekwenzeka kuizinga eziningi kanye nezimali eziphakeme, ekuvumela ukuprosesa kwezinye izikhathi kanye nezibalo zokudala i-beam. Lokhu kukhula kuvumela ukuqondiswa okuhle kunezinhlelo zezinhlelo zokuhlola futhi kunciphisa isikhelelo sesimanje kanye nesidingo sezidinga.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izinga zip frequency directional antennas zihlala zisebenza kuzo ngokujulile kwezindiza

Izinhlelo zokuhlola izindiza zihlala zisebenza kumathuba amaningi angaphandle kuka-900 MHz, 1.2 GHz, 2.4 GHz, kanye no-5.8 GHz ukuzilanda izinhlelo zokuxhumana nezokubophezela izindiza. Izinhlelo eziningi zihlanganisa futhi izimo zokugayaza kwe-GPS ezigcina kuma-1.57 GHz ukungcolisa izinhlelo zokuhlola. Isikhetho siphelele se-frequency sisesivalela izidingo zomthetho kanye nazinkinga zezindiza eziphathelene nendawo efakwa kuyo.

Kunjani izinhlelo zokuhlola ehlola ukusebenza kwezindiza ephindaphindayo

Amavula amandla okumelela izixhumanisi zokulawula inqwelo ngezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu. Amamodeli amahle aqondisa izinketho zolawulo olunempela, ekunciphisweni kwesimo sezinketho ezenzekelayo. Ukusebenzisa izinqwelo ezimbili kufakazela ukulawula kwezinketho ezimbili ngokujikeleza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwesimo.

Kuthini izidingo ze-ampere esetshenziselwa yizixhumanisi ze-antenna eziphatha iziduli?

Izidingo zokwenza kakhulu ziyehluka ngokwesilingo sezidingo nokulinganiso okumiswe, kodwa izistemu ezihlukene kakhulu zisebenza phakathi kwawati-10 ne-100 ngasinye sebandla lefrekhenzi. Ubume bezizinda eziphathelene kwezintonga zenzela ukugaya ngokuhle kumagatshana angaphansi kokwenza kakhulu kunazo ezinendiza yonke, nezinkundla ezimbambayo ezenzekelayo zisebenzayo ngokuhle ngaphansi kuka-25 awati okuphatha konke futhi kufinyelela emazingeni angaphezu kwekilomitha eyodwa.

Ingaba izistimu zesinga esiphathelene kwezintonga zingasebenza ngokuhle emaqhashini aphathekayo noma kukhona ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwe-RF

Yebo, izinkundla zemigqa engaqondileyo zasebenza ngokulungile kakhulu emzimbeni onzima wemigqa ye-RF ngoba ingakwazi ukumisa imithwalo lapho kudingeka futhi ukukhuphela ukugayazeka nokuxhumana okunempilo. Izindlela ezihlelekileyo zokudala kanye nokusebenzisa imigqa kuvumela lezi zinkundla ukusilwa phakathi komshumo wethayi kanye nomshumo wesondo we-RF, kuvumela ukusebenza kahle noma emadodakini amanjiniwe ngomshumo omkhulu womshumo. Ukukhetha kwesivinini kwezimboni ezingaqondileyo kunciphisa ukugayazeka kanye nokuhlukunyezeka kunazo zonke izinkundla eziphathelene nezomnene.