Izinhlelo ze-drone zamanje ziyehluka ngokuphakama njengoko izindiza zezemali zihlukene kakhulu futhi zibukeka kakhulu kwezimali, yasekhaya, nezokuphepha. Ubunzima bezinhlelo zokulima drone kube khona kakhulu ekukhethweni kwesigaba sokumisa nokwanele kwegunya, okwenzela ukuthi ukukhetha isiqhameko teknoloji kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni imisebenzi. I antena esebenza ngendlela ethile yisiqu esibalulekile esikhuluma izinhlelo eziphansi ze-RF jamming kuze kube yizinhlelo ezinobunzima obuphephile yokulima drone, ekunika ukuhlwa kwegunya le-electromagnetic okunikeza impilo enkulu wokuqeda ngenxa yokuthintana ngaphandle kokudluliswa kwegunya kwezinhlelo ezigcwele.
Ukuthunyelwa kwezinhloso ezigcwele kuze kube yizinhloso zokulahlela i-drone kuyinxenye enkulu yokuvutha kweteknoloji ngaphandle kwezinhloso eziphathelene, ekunika abasebenzisi inkoliso enhle, ukusetshenziswa okuncane kokwenzi, nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokulahlela. Lezi zinhloso ezithile zokudlulisela umkhawulo wamandla amandla kuze kube khona izindawo eziphethwe, ekusunguleni izimo ezifakiwe eziphazanyisayo ezingakwazi ukulahlela izinkonzo zokuxhumana nezinhlelo zenjini yezinhloso ngaphandle kokulahlela isikhephe esijwayelekile emuva.
Izintambo ezivavanyayo zisebenza ngokuthi kuzenzakala ukukhuthazwa kwesimiso se-magnetic, esisebenzisa izindlela ezigcwele ekwakhiweni ukuthi kube yimali engaphezulu ye-RF. Lokhu kukhuthaza izimo eziphatha izintambo ukuze kuphume ngaphezulu emva kokulawula izimali. Igeometri yesintambo, ikagele iyonikezela indlela yokwahlulwa, isikhundla se-reflector, nokuhlelwa kwegumbi lokunika amandla, ikhetha indlela yokusulela kanye nezimiso zesimiso.
Umkhondo wokugcina umlilo ubandakanya izinhlelo zokubamba nokuthwalwa okwakhiwe ngamakhanda amaningi abheja ekusobheni. Le ndlela yophethulo yenzela ukulawula kahle kwebhodhi, kube lula kumsebenzisi ukumema amandla aphezulu kuze kube yizikhuthazo zedrioni ezitholakele ngendlela engaqondene nembangqo. Izihlanguzi ezinhlelekile zingasebenza ngokungaphezu kwemipha 15-20 dB kunazo ezinye izihlanguzi ezingaphambili, zidinga kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-jamming.
Amadroni amayelana asebenza kwiimfahla ezahlukeneyo, kuxandarha i-900MHz, i-1.4GHz, i-2.4GHz, ne-5.8GHz, ekudinga ukuba iizikhangeli ze-drones zilindeleke ngokuphathelene kwezi mfahla eziyinxalenye. Iisikhangeli ezinemini ezenziweyo ukulwa kwi-UAV zibandakanya iindawo zemfahla eziphambili kunye neendawo ezigcweleyo zezinto ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okufanayo kunye neemeko yebhodi kuzo zonke iimfahla ezihlalwayo. Le ngxenye enobukhulu kumanyathelo ababini kumthetho wokuthumela imiyalelo ye-drones ngokucacileyo.
Inkqubo yokuphuthelana kwebandwidth ibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ubude bezinhlelo, ukukhetha izinto, nokulawula izindlela zokunika amandla ukuze kugcinwe ukufanana kwegesonto kuzo zonke izinsimbi ezenziwa khona. Abasebenzi basebenzisa izixhumanisi ezimelezayo nezilinganiso zempilo ukuze baphinde phansi izici zesihlalo, ukuqinisekisa izici ezifanayo zomlando ngaphandle kokuthintana kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuphumelela kucotha inkinga yezinhlelo eziningi zeshilalo futhi kwenza izibhalo zobuchwepheshe kube lula.
Isibonelo esikhulu se antena esebenza ngendlela ethile izinhlelo zikwenzakala kwakhona ukunikeza ukukhetha okuphelele kwezindawo, ekuvumela abasebenzisi ukumelana nezindawo ezithile noma izihlanguzelo eziphethwe ngaphandle kokuthinta indawo yasekhanyini. Leli candelo lokumelana kuvumela ukulwa okuphelele kwezihlanguzelo ezingavumelekile ngelokhu kugcina amazwi atholakala emkhakheni wasekuhlaleni. Ubude obuthephethene bencamelo, okwesibonelo phakathi kwe-10 kusuka ku-60 digiri ngokulinganiselwa kohlelo lweseko, buqinisekisa ukuletha kwezimali ngendlela ephathelene kakhulu ngaphandle kokungabi khona.
Iinkenkelo ezininzi zokumelana kuncamelo zivumela ukulungiswa ngemva yokuphinda kwezimpendulo ze-antenna ngemida ye-electronic noma ye-mechanical. Le nkalo yokumelana ivumela ukulandelela kwezihlanguzelo ezihamba kanye nokugcina isilinganiso esifanelekile se-signal ngithi konke inkolo yokumelana. Lokhu kukhetha okuphelele kuchaza isikhathi esidingekileyo ukulahlela izinkinga kanye nokuthuthukisa inkolo yesimo ngokugcina izimali lapho kuzodingeka ukuthola impinde iphelele.
Izinhlelo zokulawula kusuka kudonga kakhulu ubude bendlela efanelekile yokulawula izindiza ngokuthi kulethela amandla, okwenzela ukuthi kugcinwe izilawuli ezidingekayo ezigcwele kuwo wonke umphumela wokulawula. Umbono oqhubekayo wamandla kwenziwa yisivinini esikhethekile, okuphazamisa izimo ezihlukene ezifana nokungahambi kwezibalo eziphambene nezinye izindlela. Lokhu kungenza ukuthi abasebenzisi babophule ngemizamo engcono futhi bangcono indlela yokulawula.
Oku kungenzeka uma kudonswa nezinhlelo ezinezimali eziningi, ezingakwazi ukufinyelela emapheleni angaphezu kwemitha ethile ngesikhathi esifanekiswayo. Ubude obukhulu bumbono bukunciphisa ububi bomsebenzi futhi bucene impilo yabantu. Ukukhona kwesilinganiso eside sokulawula kunceda abasebenzisi ukubona izindiza futhi kuthintele phambi kokuba kufinyele izindawo ezibalulekile, okwenzela ukuthi kube khona uhlelo olungcono lokulawula.
Ukuzimisela kwezimali kudinga ukubophelela ngqo kusimo se-enerji ye-RF ukuze kuphinde kakhulu isimo esivuthiwe ngenxa yezinhloso zedironi, njengoko kunciphisa izindleko zezinhloso nezinkinga zokulandela imithetho. Iziantena zesigaba zinika indlela ephathelene yokusebenzisa amandla ekhoyo ngokuthi ayibeka kuindawo ezithile apho kunesimo sedironi. Lokhu kunciphisa izidingo zezinhloso ngokulinganiselana nokuthumela kabonke izinto ngendlela efanayo, njengoba kufanele kube khona umenye wokugaya kuzinhloso ezitholakeleyo.
Inkinga yokuqala kwezimali iqhubeka ngokulandela izinhlayiya zomthombo nokwakheka kwezimali ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene. Izimiso ezihlelekile zokuphatha izilawo zokuthumela ngokuchazwe kizindlela, izimo zangaphandle, nezidingo zokungcolana. Lokhu kubuyekeza okuhle kuyakhula ngokushintshana kwemithetho futhi kuzinzile kuzindlela zingathanda.
Amavula amandla okuxhunyaniswa kwi-antenna enza ukuthi akwazi ukwenza izimo ezihlelekileyo zomkhondo wemali evalelwe ngokwenza ukuthi idroneyi iphulaphule, kodwa ihlinze impact ekhona kumasevisi abekwe. Lokhu kufakazwa kuzinzuzo eziphelele zophazamo nokuphakama kwesigina phakathi kwezinye i-antenna ukuze kwenzeke ukuthi kutholakale isigina esihle kizindawo ezithile futhi kuhlakalale kizindawo ezigcinwe. Izinhlobo zezimpendulo ezifakazwa ngaleso sivumelwano zingatholakala ngokwemithetho yezimali nezindlela ezingcono.
Izindlela zokunqula zivumela ukwakha izindawo eziphazanyayo kwindiza yezixoxo ezibalulekile noma izixhobo ezibopheleleyo ezingafuni ukuba zishintshwe ngexesha lokwenza imisebenzi yokukhuthaza i-drone. Le ngxelo eyethulwa yesixhobo esinokubandakanywa kwi-jamming ye-drone kunye nokuphila kwezixhobo ze-wireless ebalulekile, ukugcina ubunzima bokusebenza ngelixa kukhuselwa kuzilungiso. Iimalgorithim ezahlukeneyo zihlengalenga ukulungisa izandla zokunqula ngokuchanekileyo ngokulinganisa isiqaleko sespiki ngexesha elizenzekileyo kunye nedatha ekufakelwayo.
Izinhlelo zokuphepha kwe-drone zenhlase izihlase izindlela eziningi ephindwe-phindwe ukudala, ukulandela, ukuchaneka, nokunciphisa izimo ngokuhlanganisa izibonakude. Izintambo ezihlinzekile zisebenza njengemigudu emelene kulezi zinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe, ekunikezela izinselelo nezinkomba ngezithuba ezifanayo noma izintambo ezithile. Isayensi sokuthi lezi zintambo zihlinzeka kakhulu kusiza ekulungiseni phakathi kwe-radar yokudala nezinhlelo zokukhazimula, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kutholakale isivinini ngaphandle kokugayiswa phakathi kwezinhlelo.
Izinkinga ze-integration ziyaphakama kumsebenzi ongenhla we-network lapho izinhlelo zezinhlelo zedirectionality zisebenza ngokuhlanganisa ukuze ziphe indawo ephambene kakhulu nezidingo zokuphepha. Ukulawula kwe-beam nokuphatha amandla ngaphezu kwezinhlelo eziningi kwenza izindawo zokuphepha ezengeziwa noma kuphela okungahambelani. Le ndlela ethembekile iyaphakamisa ubuchwepheshe bukokuphepha njalo ngokunakekela ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo nokusebenza kwezimali.
Izinhlelo zezinhlelo zedirectional zinika ubuningi obungcono kunazo ongenhla, kuvumela ukuthuthuka kwezidingo ngokushintsha kwesimo nokufaneleka komsebenzi. Izinhlelo ezinhlelo zikwamukelwa ukudala kwezinhlelo noma izigaba ngaphandle kokuguquguquka okukhulu kwezinhlelo, kungenxa yokuthuthuka kwezimali njengoko ukuzimisela kuthuthuka. Le scaling ikhomba ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo ngokudla futhi kuyakuphepha kususelwa kutechnology yezinhlelo ezishintsha.
Ukumelana kwe-architecture kusiza ekunzululeni nokubuyekeza ngokushesha kwezimo ezihlukene zokusebenza, kuvumela umdla wokusebenza kuzindawo ezahlukene. Izinxalenye nezibuko zokomandla eziqinile zihlanza ukuthi izixoxo zezixoxo nezinqubo zokusebenza ziphathelene, kuyakwazi ukulungiselela ukuhleleka futhi kuphazamise ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza. Lokhu okumelana kukuvumela ukulungiswa kwiziciwini ehlukene ngaphandle kokugcina izibuko ezifanayo zokusebenza kanye nesicelo sokufunda.
Ukulinganisa iqiniso lezinyawo zomshinelwane wokukhetha uhlelo oluthile kumsebenzi wokukhupha izindiza kudinga ukulinganisa ngokuphelele iqiniso lezindlela eziqukethe ubunzima bezindlela, ubungakanani bezintambo, nokusebenza kwezixwayiso kuzindiza zonke izinhlobo. Ukubonza okuqondile kumele kube khona ukuchazwa kwezidingo zangaphambili nezidingo zokusebenza. Izindlela eziphathelene kuleyo ngu-ubunzima bezinkinga kwi-1-2 degrees, ubungakanani bezintambo kuyo yonke indlela yasebenzi, nokusebenza kwezixwayiso ekukhuthazeni kuzindlela zokuxhumana ezithile.
Ukuchazwa kwezimali kubonakala ukusebenza kwemondlo ngokwesimo sezindawo, kubandakanya izinkinga zezinsuku, ukuhamba kwezilimi, nokusebenza kwezinhlelo. Lezi zikhathi ezihlukene zenza izindlela zokuthembeka ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo bese zibonisa izikhathi zokuthuthuka ukuze kube yimali. Ukuchazwa okuqukethwe kuyasebenza njengoko kufanelekile futhi kuncike emaphakethini olulungelelanayo lokuqasha izinhlelo namathuba okuthuthuka.
Ukulinganisa iqiniso phakathi kwezinhlelo zenantena ezihlinzekileyo nezinhlelo eziphambukelayo kubonisa izimphikiswano ezikhulu ekusetyenziseni amandla, ubude befuthe, nokucopheleka kwebuthuko. Izinhlelo ezihlinzekileyo njalo zibonisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ngemipha-10-15 yamandla, ngelinye ilapha ibe yizilinganiso-3-5 eziphakeme kakhulu kwifuthe lefanele kuzilungiselelo ezifanayo. Lezi ziqiniso zokusebenza ziyalungiswa ngokudla kumisebenzi, kufana nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukunyakaza kwesayithi yamandla emkhosini wokusebenza, nokuthuthuka kwezinqubo zomsebenzi.
Ukuchazwa kwezindlela nokuthola kubonakala ukuthola okunembulali kwenzenzo yenantena engashiyi umkhawulo ngokuthatha ukunciphisa izindleko zemisebenzi, ukuhlanjulula kakhulu kwemisebenzi, nokuncipha kwezinkinga zokungcoliswa. Inkinobeko yokumelana ngokucophelela kunciphisa isixwayiso sokuthintana neezokwakhiwa ezivumelekile kanti kanciphisa amathuba okulindela izinhlelo zokulawula. Izindleko zemisebenzi emandleni enhlalo zinceda izinkampani ezinezindlela ngokunciphisa izidingo zomthelela namathuba angcono kunazo eziphakeme kunezinye izinkampani ezingaphezu komthelo waphandle.
Izinantetha ezingashiyi umkhawulo zenkohlwa ezinhlelwe ngokuvamile zizigaba ezimbili zophagamiso kufika ku-900MHz, 1.4GHz, 2.4GHz, kanye no-5.8GHz ukuxhomekeka kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokhuluma kweenkohlwa. Izenzo ezintsha ze-bandwidth zingasebenza ngokujikeleza kule miqhuba ngokuphindaphindiwe kanye nezinhlalo, zikhubaza indlela yokusebenza kwezinye izinantetha.
Izinhlelo ezinezimiso ephakeme zihlukanisa isilinganiso sangaphandle ngokuthi kuthunyelwe imodi yomlando, ngokuvamile kunezimiso ezingu-15-20 dB kunazo ezinye izinhlelo zemigqa. Lokhu kungaholela ekunzululeni isilinganiso ngezinhlanu ezingu-3-5 futhi kunciphise ukudinga komlando kanye nokuthuthukisa ubumnandi bomlando ngokuphepha kuzinhlelo zedrioni ezihambayo.
Izinhlelo ezideye zezinhlelo zemigqa zifaka phakathi izindlela zokubhala ngendlela elekthroniki noma yomlando okunquma ukubhabhala ngokuzenzekalela kwezinhlelo ezihambayo ngokudibanisa nezinhlelo zokubhabhala ngaphandle noma ngobuchwepheshe. Lezi zindlela ziqiniseka ukuthi isinyathelo sibandakanya ngokushesha kuwo wonke umhla wengcingo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphathelene ngokuphepha kuzinhlelo ezihambayo.
Ukulungiselela kwezimali ngokwesivumelwano kwiingcinga ze-antenna ezigcweleyo kuthatha iindlela ezifana nokukhokelela kwamandla, ukunikezelwa kweefrequence, kunye neemfuno eziphathezelayo ezahlukeneyo ngasinye isifundazwe nesicelo. Umjelo ophambili wamandla weengcinga ze-antenna ezigcweleyo ungathiwa ukuba unikeza izintlungu ekulungiseleleni iimali ngokwesivumelwano ngokuthi ugcwele amandla emva yezinto eziphatheleneyo, zilungise ubume obubanzi be-spectrum kwaye zilungise inkohlaka kwiintsolobalo eziphatheleneyo zezixhobo ze-wireless.
Izindaba Ezishisayo
Shenzhen Longyuan Technology inikeza izinhlelo zokuxhuma i-drone ezinhle kwezimithambo, izithadlana nezinfrastrakti eziphambene. Ukuqonda kwe-RF ngokushesha, ukulandelela nokukhawula nendawo enkulu yokukhathala nezinhlelo ezifakwe ngokwezifiso. Kuthandwa kumathibele wasekhaya nezwe ngokubangelwa.
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Imibhalo yohlelo © 2025 Shenzhen Longyuan Technology Co., Ltd. Yindlela yonke. Inqubomgomo Yokuvikela
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